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Narayana Upanishad
Narayana Upanishad ((サンスクリット: नारायण उपनिषत्)) is one of the minor Upanishads, listed as number 18 in the extended anthology of 108 Upanishads mythically recited by Rama to Hanuman. It is listed as number 33 in the early 19th-century Henry Thomas Colebrooke anthology.〔Paul Deussen (Translator), Sixty Upanisads of the Veda, Vol 2, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-8120814691, pages 558–565〕 The text is not a Vedic era text of Hinduism, was composed in the medieval era, but its author and chronology is unclear. It is written in Sanskrit language, attached to the Krishna (Black) Yajurveda,〔 is one of 14 Vaishnava Upanishads, and it recommends the bhakti of Lord Narayana (Vishnu).
The Upanishad is, states Paul Deussen, among those that can be described as "cult of formula", where meditation shifts from objects and philosophy to that of a specific formula.〔 The Narayana Upanishad posits the formula, ''"Om Namo Narayanaya"'', a mantra as a means of reaching salvation, which is communion with Vishnu. The text is classified as one of the Mantra Upanishads.〔K. Narayanasvami Aiyar, ''Thirty Minor Upanishads'', University of Toronto Archives, , pp. viii, 128–129〕
The Narayana Upanishad asserts that "all gods, all Rishis and all beings are born from Narayana, and merge into Narayana". The text, suggests Deussen, is probably compiled from passages from different era and texts.〔Paul Deussen (Translator), ''Sixty Upanisads of the Veda'', Vol. 2, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-8120814691 (2010 Reprint), pp. 803–805〕
==Contents==
The Upanishad is short, and has five chapters.〔
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